What is the definition of a variable in research?

A variable in research is defined as a characteristic or condition that varies among individuals. This fundamental concept is essential in statistics and research methodology, as it allows researchers to differentiate between the subjects being studied and to analyze the relationships between different characteristics. Variables can take on different values or categories, which is crucial for conducting experiments, surveys, and observational studies. In the context of data analysis, recognizing that a variable can change or take on different outcomes among individuals enables researchers to explore trends, make comparisons, and draw conclusions based on the varying data collected. This variability is what makes quantitative analysis possible, as it allows for statistical testing and the evaluation of patterns within the data.