What identifies the main purpose of non-experimental designs in research?

The primary purpose of non-experimental designs in research is to describe behavioral observations. This type of research allows researchers to gather data on behaviors and relationships without manipulating variables or assigning treatments. Non-experimental designs, such as observational studies or survey research, are often employed to provide insights into how subjects naturally behave in their environments or show patterns without experimental control.

While the other answer choices involve aspects of research that can be explored through different methodologies, non-experimental designs focus on observational and descriptive approaches rather than establishing cause-effect relationships or evaluating impacts of treatments. The non-experimental approach is significant in cases where manipulation is unethical or impractical, allowing researchers to generate valuable data on human behavior in real-world settings.